Ikhabhoni esebenzayo (AC) ibhekisa kwimathiriyeli enekhabhoni ephezulu eneporosity ephezulu kunye nesakhono sokurhweba esiveliswe ngamaplanga, amaqokobhe ekhokhonathi, amalahle, kunye neecones, njl. njl. I-AC yenye yezinto ezisetyenziswa rhoqo kwimizi-mveliso eyahlukeneyo ukuze kususwe izinto ezingcolisayo ezininzi. ukusuka emanzini kunye nemizimba yomoya.Ukusukela oko, i-AC idityaniswe kwimveliso yezolimo kunye nenkunkuma, ibonakalise ukuba yeyona ndlela ilungileyo kwimithombo engahlaziyekiyo esetyenziswa ngokwesiko nexabisa kakhulu.Ukulungiselela i-AC, iinkqubo ezimbini ezisisiseko, i-carbonization kunye nokusebenza, zisetyenziswa.Kwinkqubo yokuqala, i-precursors iphantsi kokushisa okuphezulu, phakathi kwe-400 kunye ne-850 ° C, ukukhupha zonke izinto eziguquguqukayo.Ubushushu obuphezulu obuphezulu bususa zonke iinxalenye ze-noncarbon kwi-precursor efana ne-hydrogen, i-oksijini, kunye ne-nitrogen ngendlela yeegesi kunye ne-tar.Le nkqubo ivelisa i-char enomxholo ophezulu wekhabhoni kodwa indawo ephantsi kunye ne-porosity.Nangona kunjalo, inyathelo lesibini libandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwe-char eyenziwe ngaphambili.Ukwandiswa kobungakanani bepore ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvula kungahlelwa ngokwesithathu: ukuvulwa kweepore ebezingafikeleleki ngaphambili, uphuhliso olutsha lwepore ngokuvula okukhethiweyo, kunye nokwandiswa kweepore ezikhoyo.
Ngokwesiqhelo, iindlela ezimbini, ezomzimba kunye neekhemikhali, zisetyenziselwa ukuqalisa ukufumana indawo enqwenelekayo yomphezulu kunye ne-porosity.Ukusebenza ngokomzimba kubandakanya ukusebenza kwe-carbonized char usebenzisa iigesi ze-oxidizing ezifana nomoya, i-carbon dioxide, kunye ne-steam kumaqondo aphezulu (phakathi kwe-650 kunye ne-900 ° C).Ikhabhon dayoksayidi idla ngokukhethwa ngenxa yobume bayo obusulungekileyo, ukuyiphatha lula, kunye nenkqubo yokuvula elawulekayo malunga ne-800°C.Ukufana kwepore ephezulu kunokufumaneka kunye nokusebenza kwe-carbon dioxide xa kuthelekiswa nomphunga.Nangona kunjalo, ekusebenzeni ngokomzimba, umphunga ukhethwa kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa nekharbon diokside kuba i-AC enendawo ephezulu inokuveliswa.Ngenxa yobungakanani bemolekyuli encinci yamanzi, ukusasazwa kwayo ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo se-char kwenzeka ngokufanelekileyo.Ukusebenza ngomphunga kufunyaniswe kujikeleze kabini ukuya kathathu ngaphezulu kwekharbon diokside eneqondo elifanayo loguqulo.
Nangona kunjalo, indlela yeekhemikhali ibandakanya ukuxutywa kwe-precursor kunye ne-activating agents (NaOH, KOH, kunye ne-FeCl3, njl.).Ezi arhente zisebenza njenge-oxidants kunye ne-dehydrating agents.Kule ndlela, i-carbonization kunye nokusebenza kuqhutyelwa ngaxeshanye kwiqondo lokushisa elingaphantsi kwe-300-500 ° C xa kuthelekiswa nendlela ebonakalayo.Ngenxa yoko, kuchaphazela ukubola kwe-pyrolytic kwaye, emva koko, kubangele ukwandiswa kwesakhiwo se-porous esiphuculweyo kunye nesivuno esiphezulu sekhabhoni.Izibonelelo ezingundoqo zemichiza ngaphezulu kwendlela yokwenyama ziyimfuneko yobushushu obuphantsi, ulwakhiwo oluphezulu lwe-microporosity, indawo enkulu yomphezulu, kunye nexesha elincitshisiweyo lokugqiba ukusabela.
Ukuphakama kwendlela yokusebenza kweekhemikhali kunokuchazwa ngesiseko somzekelo ocetywayo nguKim kunye noogxa bakhe [1] ngokubhekiselele apho i-microdomains ezahlukeneyo ze-spherical ezijongene nokusekwa kwee-micropores zifumaneka kwi-AC.Kwelinye icala, i-mesopores iphuhliswa kwimimandla ye-intermicrodomain.Ngovavanyo, benza i-carbon activated from phenol-based resin by chemical (usebenzisa i-KOH) kunye nokusebenza ngokomzimba (ukusebenzisa umphunga) (Umfanekiso 1).Iziphumo zibonise ukuba i-AC edityaniswe ngokuvula i-KOH inommandla ophezulu we-2878 m2/g xa ithelekiswa ne-2213 m2/g ngokuvula umphunga.Ukongeza, ezinye izinto ezinje ngobungakanani bepore, indawo engaphezulu, umthamo wemicropore, kunye nobubanzi bepore avareji zonke zifunyenwe zingcono kwiimeko ezisebenzayo ze-KOH xa kuthelekiswa nomphunga osebenzayo.
Umahluko phakathi kwe-AC elungiselelwe ukusuka kwi-activation ye-steam (C6S9) kunye nokusebenza kwe-KOH (C6K9), ngokulandelanayo, ichazwe ngokwemodeli ye-microstructure.
Ngokuxhomekeke kubungakanani bamasuntswana kunye nendlela yokuyilungisa, inokwahlulwa ibe ziindidi ezintathu: i-AC enamandla, igranular AC, kunye nebead AC.I-AC ene-Powered yenziwe ukusuka kwiigranule ezintle ezinobungakanani be-1 mm kunye nobubanzi obuphakathi kwe-0.15-0.25 mm.IGranular AC inobungakanani obukhulu ngokuthelekisayo kunye nommandla ongaphantsi wangaphandle.Igranular AC isetyenziselwa isigaba solwelo olwahlukeneyo kunye nosetyenziso lwesigaba segesi ngokuxhomekeke kumlinganiselo wabo wedimension.Udidi lwesithathu: i-bead AC idityaniswe ngokubanzi ukusuka kwi-petroleum pitch kunye nobubanzi obusuka kwi-0.35 ukuya kwi-0.8 mm.Iyaziwa ngamandla ayo omatshini aphezulu kunye nothuli oluphantsi.Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiibhedi ezimanzi ezifana nokuhluzwa kwamanzi ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo esingqukuva.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-18-2022