"Ingcali yokususa imibala kunye nokususa ivumba elibi" kwiShishini leShukelaⅠ
Kwicandelo leshishini lokutya neziselo, ishishini leswekile lelinye lawona macandelo abalulekileyo okusetyenziswa kwekhabhoni esebenzayo. Ngexesha leenkqubo zemveliso yeentlobo zeswekile ezifana neswekile yommoba, iswekile yebhitrudi, iswekile yesitatshi, imaltose, ilactose, imolasses, ixylose, ixylitol, iglucose, kunye nesisombululo seproteni esifakwe ihydrolyzed, ikhabhoni esebenzayo idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekususeni umbala kunye nokususa ivumba elibi.
Iifektri zeswekile zahlulwe zaba ziifektri zeswekile yommoba kunye neefektri zeswekile yebhit. Isisombululo seswekile siqulathe izinto ezahlukeneyo zokufaka imibala ezifana neemelanoidins, i-caramel, kunye nee-iron-polyphenol complexes. I-activated carbon, enendawo enkulu (500 - 1500m²/g) kunye nesakhiwo esityebileyo se-mesopores kunye nee-micropores, inokubonisa ukusebenza okuhle kokumuncwa kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokususa umbala xa kujongwana nezisombululo zeswekile ezinjalo.
Kukho ii-micropores ezininzi ngaphakathi kwee-activated carbon particles, kwaye uluhlu lobukhulu bee-pore lubanzi kakhulu, ukusuka kwii-angstroms ezimbalwa ukuya kwii-micrometers ezininzi. Ngokukodwa, kukho inani elikhulu lee-micropores ezinobukhulu bee-pore kuluhlu lwee-angstroms ezimbalwa ukuya kwezilishumi. Nganye kwezi micropores ihambelana nommandla othile womphezulu, okwenza indawo ethile yomphezulu we-activated carbon iphawuleke kakhulu. Kwi-1 gram ye-activated carbon enomsebenzi ogqwesileyo, indawo yayo yomphezulu ethile inokufikelela malunga ne-1000m². Ngenxa yokuba intsimi yamandla e-athomu kumphezulu we-activated carbon ikwimeko engagcwaliyo kwaye kukho amandla aseleyo e-valence, ngokusekelwe kwindawo enkulu enjalo yomphezulu, amandla ayo omphezulu abaluleke kakhulu. Kungenxa yesiphumo sokufunxa ukuba intsimi yamandla engagcwaliyo kumphezulu we-activated carbon inokuhlawulwa ukuya kwinqanaba elithile, ngaloo ndlela kunciphisa amandla omphezulu. Ke ngoko, phantsi kweemeko ezithile zobushushu kunye noxinzelelo, umphezulu we-activated carbon uya kufunxa ngokuzenzekelayo izinto ezinokunciphisa amandla ayo omphezulu. Nangona kunjalo, xa ikhabhoni esebenzayo ifunxa izinto ezahlukeneyo kwisisombululo, ubungakanani bokufunxa abuhambelani nomlinganiselo wezi zinto kwisisombululo. Ikhabhoni esebenzayo isoloko isenza ukuba ukuxinana okunyibilikayo kumphezulu wokufunxa kube kulungelelene ngakumbi. Ngale ndlela, nokuba amandla okufunxa afana, izinto ezingezizo iswekile ezinoxinzelelo oluphantsi kwisisombululo seswekile zinokuthi zifunxeke yikhabhoni esebenzayo xa kuthelekiswa ne-sucrose enoxinzelelo oluphezulu. Izinto ezinemibala kwisiraphu zihlala zinomthamo omkhulu weemolekyuli kunye nobunzima obukhulu beemolekyuli. Ngokufunxa ikhabhoni esebenzayo, amandla ayo omphezulu ancitshiswa kakhulu, kwaye isiraphu ephathwe ngekhabhoni esebenzayo inokufikelela kwinqanaba elikhulu lokususa umbala. Kungenxa yokuba ikhabhoni esebenzayo inamandla okususa umbala kunye nokucoca isiraphu ukuba isetyenziswe ngokubanzi nangokuphumelelayo kumashishini eswekile aphambili kwamanye amazwe.
Xa ikhabhoni esebenzayo isetyenziselwa ukunyanga isisombululo seswekile, ukongeza kwisiphumo sayo esibalulekileyo sokutshintsha umbala, inokususa ii-colloids kunye nokungcola okusebenzayo kumphezulu kwisisombululo seswekile. Le nkqubo iya kwandisa uxinzelelo lomphezulu wesisombululo seswekile, inciphise i-viscosity yayo, inciphise ukuveliswa kwe-foam ngexesha lenkqubo yokuphuma komphunga, inyuse isantya se-crystallization, kwaye ingenza ngcono inkqubo ye-crystallization yeswekile, ikhuthaze ukwahlukana kwe-molasses kwi-crystals yeswekile.
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Ixesha leposi: Epreli-23-2025