Inkqubo yokusetyenzwa kwekhabhoni eyenziwe yasebenza ibandakanya i-carbonization elandelwa kukusebenza kwemathiriyeli yekhabhoni evela kwimvelaphi yemifuno. I-Carbonization yonyango lokushisa kwi-400-800 ° C eguqula izinto eziluhlaza kwikhabhoni ngokunciphisa umxholo wezinto eziguquguqukayo kunye nokwandisa umxholo wekhabhoni wezinto eziphathekayo. Oku kwandisa amandla ezinto kwaye kudala isakhiwo sokuqala se-porous esiyimfuneko ukuba ikhabhoni isebenze. Ukulungelelanisa iimeko ze-carbonization kunokuchaphazela kakhulu imveliso yokugqibela. Ukunyuka kweqondo lokushisa kwe-carbonization kwandisa ukusebenza kwakhona, kodwa kwangaxeshanye kunciphisa umthamo weepores ezikhoyo. Lo mthamo oncitshisiweyo we-pores ubangelwa ukunyuka kwe-condensation yezinto kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu le-carbonization elivelisa ukwanda kwamandla omatshini. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukukhetha ubushushu benkqubo echanekileyo ngokusekelwe kwimveliso efunwayo ye-carbonization.
Ezi oxides zisasazeke ngaphandle kwekhabhoni zikhokelela kwi-gasification eyinxenye evula iipores ebezivaliwe ngaphambili kwaye ziphuhlise ngakumbi iikhabhoni zesakhiwo sangaphakathi se-porous. Ekusebenzeni kweekhemikhali, i-carbon iphendulwa kumaqondo aphezulu kunye ne-dehydrating agent ephelisa ubuninzi be-hydrogen kunye ne-oksijini kwisakhiwo sekhabhoni. Ukusebenza kweekhemikhali kudla ngokudibanisa i-carbonization kunye nesinyathelo sokuvula, kodwa la manyathelo mabini asengenzeka ngokwahlukileyo ngokuxhomekeke kwinkqubo. Iindawo eziphakamileyo ezingaphezulu kwe-3,000 m2 / g zifunyenwe xa usebenzisa i-KOH njenge-agent esebenzayo yeekhemikhali.
Ikhabhoni esebenzayo evela kwiiMathiriyeli ezikrwada ezahlukeneyo.
Ukongeza ekubeni yi-adsorbent esetyenziselwa iinjongo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo, ikhabhoni esebenzayo inokuveliswa kubutyebi bezinto ezahlukeneyo ezikrwada, iyenze ibe yimveliso eguquguqukayo kakhulu enokuveliswa kwiindawo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo ngokuxhomekeke kwinto ekhoyo. Ezinye zezi zixhobo ziquka amaqokobhe ezityalo, amatye eziqhamo, izinto ezenziwe ngamaplanga, i-asphalt, i-metal carbides, i-carbon blacks, inkunkuma elahla inkunkuma evela kugutyulo, kunye ne-polymer scraps. Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zamalahle, esele zikhona kwifom ye-5 ye-carbonaceous enesakhiwo esiphuhlisiwe se-pore, sinokuqhutyelwa phambili ukwenza i-carbon activated. Nangona ikhabhoni ecushiweyo inokuveliswa phantse kuyo nayiphi na imathiriyeli ekrwada, yeyona nto inexabiso elisebenzayo kunye nenkathalo yokusingqongileyo ukuvelisa ikhabhoni ecuthiweyo kwinkunkuma. Iikhabhoni ezisetyenzisiweyo eziveliswe kwiiqokobhe zekhokhonathi zibonakaliswe ukuba zinemithamo ephezulu ye-micropores, ezenza zibe yeyona nto isetyenziswa kakhulu ekrwada kwizicelo apho kufuneka umthamo we-adsorption ephezulu. I-Sawdust kunye nezinye izinto ezilahliweyo ezinamaplanga zikwaqulathe izakhiwo eziphuhliswe ngamandla ezincinci ezilungele ukubhengezwa ukusuka kwinqanaba legesi. Ukuvelisa ikhabhoni esebenzayo ukusuka kumnquma, iplamu, iapilkosi, kunye namatye epesika kuvelisa ii-adsorbents ezixubileyo ezinobunzima obubalulekileyo, ukuxhathisa kwi-abrasion kunye nevolumu ephezulu ye-micropore. I-PVC scrap inokusebenza ukuba i-HCl isusiwe kwangaphambili, kwaye iphumela kwikhabhoni esebenzayo eyi-adsorbent efanelekileyo ye-methylene blue. Iikhabhoni ezisebenzayo ziye zaveliswa nakwinkunkuma yamatayara. Ukuze ukwahlula phakathi koluhlu olubanzi lwee-precursors ezinokwenzeka, kuba yimfuneko ukuvavanya iimpawu ezibonakalayo ezibonakalayo emva kokusebenza. Xa ukhetha i-precursor ezi mpawu zilandelayo zibalulekile: indawo ethile yendawo ye-pores, umthamo we-pore kunye nokusabalalisa umthamo we-pore, ukubunjwa kunye nobukhulu beegranules, kunye nesakhiwo sekhemikhali / umlingiswa wekhabhoni.
Ukukhetha i-precursor echanekileyo yesicelo esifanelekileyo kubaluleke kakhulu kuba ukuhluka kwezinto ezingaphambili kuvumela ukulawula i-carbon pore structure. Ii-precursors ezahlukeneyo ziqulethe ixabiso elihlukeneyo le-macropores (> 50 nm,) apho i-6 inquma ukusebenza kwabo kwakhona. Ezi macropores azisebenzi kwi-adsorption, kodwa ubukho bazo buvumela amajelo amaninzi okudala ii-micropores ngexesha lokusebenza. Ukongeza, ii-macropores zibonelela ngeendlela ezininzi zeemolekyuli ze-adsorbate ukufikelela kwi-micropores ngexesha le-adsorption.
Ixesha lokuposa: Apr-01-2022